Many people in life are supplemented with folic acid. Among them, everyone is more familiar with: pregnant women and H high blood pressure patients.Folic acid is a very important nutrient in the human body. It is a water -soluble vitamin and is necessary for human cell growth and reproduction.So which groups need to supplement folic acid?Is the more folic acid replenished the better?Which foods are rich in folic acid?How to add it correctly?
First, the lack of folic acid can cause a variety of diseases in clinical practice:
1. Folic acid deficiency can cause miscarriage or neonatal abnormal tire
Folic acid is closely related to the synthesis of cells. When lack of folic acid, there will be a problem of dysplasia such as teratogenic tires, and may even cause miscarriage; more than 50% of the newborn nerve tube defect (NTDS) cases are related to the lack of folic acid in the early pregnancy.The incidence rate.It is best to supplement folic acid three months before pregnancy.It is too late to add folic acid during pregnancy.
2. Folic acid deficiency will increase the risk of cardiovascular and cerebrovascular diseases
Studies have pointed out that the reduction of serum folic acid levels will lead to an increase in serum ballochine levels, and the increase in the level of splinine in the blood will increase the risk of cardioscopic cerebral duct disease.High -risk groups and patients with high -risk cardiac and high blood pressure are recommended to supplement folic acid preparations on the basis of increasing folic acid in the diet to reduce the level of balloic acid, which can reduce the chance of cardiovascular and cerebrovascular diseases;Rising levels are independent risk factor for cardiovascular and cerebrovascular diseases. In addition, the folic acid deficiency rate in people with high blood pressure is higher than those of non -hypertension people, indicating that folic acid deficiency may be related to increased blood pressure.You can use folic acid single drugs or fixed compound preparations containing folic acid to reduce the level of ball splitine. It is recommended to take 0.8 mg of folic acid daily to achieve the best role in reducing the splinine.The effect of reducing the splinine is better.
3. Folic acid deficiency can lead to increased incidence of dementia
Corclain is not only a risk factor for cardiovascular and cerebrovascular diseases, but also an independent risk factors for Alzheimer’s disease (AD) and vascular dementia; and supplementing folic acid can effectively reduce the level of same cysteine, so cognitive impairmentPatients should routinely detect the level of folic acid and vitamin B 12, and those who combine folic acid deficiency can supplement 0.8 mg /day to supplement folic acid.
4. Folic acid deficiency may be related to children’s autism (ASD):
Folic acid deficiency may be associated with children’s autism (ASD). Nursery women who plan to be pregnant routinely supplement 0.8 mg of folic acid daily, which can reduce the risk of ASD’s chances of ASD. At presentIt is currently considered the result of the common role of genes and environment.Folic acid supplementation of folic acid before pregnancy can reduce the risk of children’s autism (ASD).Studies believe that children in children (ASD) also have different degrees of folic acid metabolism abnormalities. Supplementing folic acid may be beneficial to children’s autism (ASD)
5. Folic acid deficiency is related to depression
Folic acid deficiency is related to depression, and it is also related to the low response of antidepressant; depression patients can reasonably supplement folic acid on the basis of applying antidepressants, especially 5 -hydroxylidin re -intake inhibitors (recommended 0.5 ~ 2.5 mg daily)It can significantly improve the effect of treatment
Insomnia, unconsciousness, etc.
6. Folic acid deficiency will lead to the occurrence of multiple cancers
Supplementing folic acid can reduce the risk of colorectal cancer, rectal cancer, breast cancer, esophageal cancer, pancreatic cancer and gastric cancer.
7. Folic acid deficiency is one of the main factors of recurrent oral ulcers
Patients with abnormal oral mucosa have hidden folic acid deficiency and vitamin B12 deficiency symptoms.Folic acid is an essential nutrients for the human body and an important factor in maintaining oral defense function.Folic acid and vitamin B12 treatment of recurrent oral ulcers can improve the treatment effect of patients
8. Folic acid deficiency can cause anemia, known as giant cell anemia
Folic acid is a necessary substance generated by red blood cells and white blood cells in the bone marrow, which is responsible for the normal metabolism of nucleotate (including DNA) in the nucleus.Folic acid supplement can be used to treat giant cellular anemia caused by folic acid deficiency
Second, common causes of folic acid deficiency:
1. Insufficient intake: Folic acid is easily dissolved in hot water, and it will be lost in large quantities during cooking; too little vegetable intake can also reduce folic acid intake.Therefore, we must not only eat more vegetables, but also pay attention to cooking methods.
2.Smoking and drinking: Smoking can increase the demand for folic acid in the human body; drinking will interfere with the body’s absorption of folic acid.
3.Poor absorption of folic acid.Many middle -aged people, especially middle -aged women.It can absorb folic acid.
4.The role of drugs: Some drugs have been proven to have obvious interference in absorption of folic acid. Sulfa drugs have antagonistic effects with folic acid.Aluminum and vitamin C can inhibit the absorption of folic acid in the gastrointestinal tract.Antipiatic epilepsy, such as benzya sodium, Camari, sodium propyate, etc. can reduce serum folic acid levels
5.The defects of genetic genes lead to absorption of folic acid: the gene mutation of the nailobeytohydrocarbonic acid reduction enzyme (MTHFR) affects the absorption and metabolism of folic acid
6.The lack of vitamin B12 and vitamin C: It will affect the absorption and utilization of folic acid in the intestine.And Vitamin C has a great protective effect on folic acid in the body.But vitamin C should not take at the same time as folic acid.
7.During pregnancy and lactation: During pregnancy, the discharge of folic acid in their urine is twice that of normal people, and the pregnant woman itself and the fetus need sufficient folic acid supply; babies must also have folic acid to develop well, so during pregnancy and andFolic acid that needs to be supplemented during lactation.
8.Patients with renal dialysis: Folic acid discharge volume will be greatly increased, and corresponding supplements need to be given.
What are the food sources of folic acid?
For individuals with deficiencies or insufficient folic acid, we first recommend improving the nutritional status of folic acid by balanced diet.Green leafy vegetables, soybean products, animal liver, lean meat, eggs, etc. are good food sources of folic acid;
Dietary Folic acid Endogenous (DFE) = natural folic acid+chemical synthetic folic acid X1.7;
The content of folic acid (DFE) in food (DFE) content ≥120ug/100g (solid) or ≥60ug/100g (liquid) can be called "high or rich folic acid" food; folic acid volume (DFE) content ≥60g/100g (solid) or≥30ug/100g (liquid) can be called "folic acid" or "folic acid source" food.
Loom lettuce, spinach, asparagus, green mustard, western coriander, green cauliflower, white cauliflower, celeaper, four seasons, papaya, pea, sweet peppers, green peppers, animal liver, eggs, duck eggs, etc. are rich in folic acid
Fourth, the hazards of excessive folic acid:
Long -term large doses (＞ 1 mg daily) supplement folic acid (including folate reinforced food) may generate health risks:
① Excessive folic acid intake may cause increased risk of tumors (such as colorectal and prostate cancer), and folic acid has a two -way effect on tumor prevention.
② Large -dose folic acid supplementation may cover up vitamin B 12 in the blood to lack early manifestations, affect the diagnosis and treatment of anemia, and increase the degenerative lesions of the nervous system;
③ Large -dose folic acid will interfere with the metabolism of zinc, causing zinc lack.
④ Reduce the absorption of folic acid in food: because the absorption rate of synthetic folic acid is 1.7 times that of natural folic acid;
⑤ Reduce immunity
5. The correct supplement of folic acid:
It is currently known that the synthetic folic acid in the drug is oxidized folic acid, which has the advantages of stability and high absorption. Different from the sheep folic acid, which is different from the source of natural food sources, the absorption rate of synthetic folic acid is 1.7 times that of natural folic acid.During the amount (DFE), the dose of the preparation folic acid should be 1.7.Dietary Folic acid Endogenous (DFE) = natural folic acid+chemical synthetic folic acid X1.7;
The effective and safe dose supplemented by folic acid is 0.4 ~ 1.0 mg per day.Adults should consume 400Ug folic acid every day. If you choose to take synthetic folic acid tablets (most of them are synthetic folic acid), you only need to take 235ug (235*1.7 = 400) folic acid.
EAR is average; RNI is a recommended intake; AI is appropriate intake; UL is the maximum intake of tolerance
① FAO/WHO expert recommendation value: Based on the reference intake proposed by the National Academy of Sciences in 1998, it has been fully demonstrated and recognized. At the same time); ② Reference intake of dietary nutrients in Chinese residents (2013 version); ③ UL only targets chemical synthetic folic acid (reinforced food and folic acid supplements). Natural folic acid in ordinary food has a adverse effect on the body.
